THE REVOLT OF 1857

REVOLT OF 1857 AND ITS IMPACT  ON INDIA

On the 10 may 1857, the sepoys in a cantonment of the Meerut broke out in  mutinity. It began in lines of the native infantry, spread very swiftly to the cavalry and then to the city. The ordinary people of the town and surrounding villages joined the sepoys.

Difference b/w mutinity and revolt

MUTINITY = A collective disobedience of rules and requlations within the armed force.

REVOLT = It was a power of people against established authority and power. 

PATTERN OF REVOLT 

1 They resized the bell of arms and plunderd  the treasury.

2 Then they attacked on buildings , jail and other buildings

3 Proclaimation in Hindi , Urdu, Purssian were put up in the cities  calling upon the population, both Hindus and Muslims , to unite , rise and exterminate the firings. 

4 Everything and everybody connected with the white man became target.

5 In major time like Kanpur , Lucknow and Bareilly , moneylenders and rich became the object of rebel.

HOW MESSAGE OF REVOLT SPREAD 

Mutinity began in lines of the native infantry. It very quickly spread in the city.The group of sepoys arrived Delhi and told  Bhadhur shah 2 to lead them. Sepoys began their activites with any specific signal. They made many proclaimations in vernacular language and able to bring out local people with them.. Sepoys marched out many parts of India and bring common man out. When the news of the occupation of Delhi by sepoys reached Muzzafarnager the sepoys there also rose in revolt.

REASONS OF REVOLT 1857

1 The british abonded their policy of non interference in the socio - religious life of Indians , abolition of sati 1829, Hindu widow remarrige act in 1856, christan missonaries were allowed to enter India carry on with their mission of prosilytizing, this disabilites act 1850 modified the traditional hindu law.

2 Grease cartage of rifle

3 British rule led to breakdown of the village self suffiencey , commercialsation of agriculture which burdened the peasentry ,adoption of free trade , imperialsation of 1600 industries , de industralisation  and drain of wealth all of which led to overall define of economy.

4 The main thing was the policies of lord dalhouise  such as doctrine of lapse in which a state have legal heir then they rule , in this adoption is illegal , if they not then their state was under british.

SOURCES TO KNOW REVOLT 1857

1 DIARIES

2 AUTOBIOGRAPHY 

3 IMAGES

4 OFFICIAL HISTORIES

5 PAINTINGS

6 BAZAAR PAINTINGS

7 POSTERS

RUMOURS AND PROFENCIES

In reality  the rumours spread if the create a feeling if awe doubt among the people. the british policy create a terror among the people:

1 About cartage  their was a rumour that bullet coated with fat of pig and cow which was against the religion of both hindu and muslim.

2 Flour mixed with bone dust their was rumour that cows and pigs bone dust mixed in flour and sold in the market .

3 About the convert indians into christanity  there was a fear and suspicion that the british wanted to convert indians to christanity.

PEOPLE  BELEIVE ON THESE RUMOURS 

1 there was a impact of western education on indian  society and beleived im reforming the indian society.

2 British forced new laws baning the sati system and allow the widow remarrige.

3 these all above factors made Indians beleive the british is changing the way of their life, custom ,rules.

DIFFERENT LEADERS AT DIFFERENT PLACES

1 Barrack pore by mangal pandey

2 Delhi by bahadur shah 2 , Bakhat khan

3 Lucknow by begum hazart mahal, birjis qubr

4 Kanpur by Nana shaib 

5 Orissa by ujjwal shahi, sureb=ndra shahi

6 Kullu by Raja pratap singh 

7 Mandsor by FIROZ SHAH

8 Bijapur by Mohammad khan 

9 Bihar by kunwar singh 

10 Jhansi by Rani laxmibai

BRITISH  SUPRESS THE REVOLT OF 1857

1 The  revolt was finally suppressed.

2 The  british captured Delhi on september 20 1857 after prolonged and bitter fighting.

3 John nicholson , the leader of the siege, was badly wounded and later succumbled to his injuries.

4 Bahadurshah shah were taken to prisioner.

5 The royal princies were captured and but chered on the spot, publicly shot at point blank range, by lieutant hudson himself.

6 The emperor was exiled to Rangoon wwhere he died in 1862.

7 This the great house of mughals was finally and completey extinguished.

8 Terrible vengance was wreaked on the in habitants of delhi, with the fall of Delhi the focal point of the revolt disappeared.

9 By the end of 1859 british authority over India was fully re established.

10 The british govt had to pour immense supplies of men , money and arms into tne country , through Indians had to later repay the entire cast through their own supression.\

REVOLT 1857 IS SUCCESSFUL OR NOT 

The revolt of 1857 was not successful because:

1 Some of the local rulers like Nizam of Gwalior , the Holkar of Indore , the Nizam of hyderabad , the Raja  of Jodhpur , the Nawab of Bhopal, the rulers of patiala , sindh and kashmir and Rana of Nepal provided active support to  the british .

2 The military equipment of the rebels was inferior, comparative lack of efficient leadership.

3 The modern intelligent Indians also did not support the cause. 

SIGNIFICANCE OF REVOLT  1857

The significance of revolt : 

1 The revolt of 1857 played an important role in bringing the indian people together and imparting to them the consicases of belonging to one country.

2  During the entire revolt there was complete cooperation b/w Hindus and Muslims all levels people ,soilders , leaders.

3 Rebels and sepoys both hindu and muslim respected each others settlements.

4 Immediate banning of cow slaughter was ordered once  the revolt was successful in a particular area.